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FI Analysis 51: A model for households’ housing choices
- Konsumentskydd
- Publicerat
- Rapporter
- Bolån
Publicerad 2025-11-27 - Households that experience greater buying power tend to choose homes of a higher standard over amortisation payments or savings. This is evident in a new…
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FI Analysis 51: A model for households’ housing choices
How the amended mortgage rules impact housing prices is not captured by the model.
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Stability in the Financial System (2025:1): Uncertainty could persist for a while
- Bank
- Försäkring
- Marknad
- Konsumentskydd
- Stabilitet
- Publicerat
- Nyheter
- Rapporter
- Betalningar
Publicerad 2025-05-16 - The uncertainty in geopolitical and economic developments is high, and the risk of negative shocks is higher now than it was last autumn. At the same time,…
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Stability in the Financial System (2025:1)
For example, the price of oil and the interest rate on Swedish and German treasury bonds has dropped while the price of gold has increased.
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The Swedish Mortgage Market: Households need to have margins for an uncertain future
- Bank
- Konsumentskydd
- Stabilitet
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- Nyheter
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Publicerad 2025-04-07 - The conditions for household finances improved in 2024. As many as 8 out of 10 households chose a variable interest rate, which is a higher share than in…
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Report: The Swedish Mortgage Market 2024
Diagram 1 shows the price development on the housing market according to an external price index (Valueguard).3 The price increase during the pandemic
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FI Analysis 48: Increasing number of Swedish loans become debt registered with the Swedish Enforcement Authority
- Konsumentskydd
- Stabilitet
- Publicerat
- Nyheter
- Rapporter
- Konsument
- Låna
Publicerad 2025-02-27 - Between the years 2020 and 2023, the number of borrowers with a new unpaid debt registered with the Swedish Enforcement Authority has increased by 23 per…
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Since the end of 2020, the general price level has increased (inflation) by almost 20 per cent.
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Stability in the Financial System (2025:2)
- Bank
- Försäkring
- Marknad
- Konsumentskydd
- Stabilitet
- Publicerat
- Rapporter
- Betalningar
Publicerad 2025-11-26 - The sentiment in the Swedish economy has improved in recent months even if households continue to demonstrate weaker sentiment than normal.
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Stability in the Financial System (2025:2)
Housing prices decrease by 25 per cent, while commercial real estate prices decrease by 33 per cent.
Löpande priser. Konsumtion och sparande har beräknats med fyra kvartals glidande medelvärde.
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FI Analysis 52: Stress test of banks’ lending to non-financial firms
- Bank
- Stabilitet
- Publicerat
- Rapporter
- Redovisning
Publicerad 2025-11-27 - Commercial real estate firms constitute the single largest risk of credit losses for banks in a stressed scenario. However, other sectors’ total loss…
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FI Analysis 52: Stress test of banks’ lending to non-financial firms
The scenario entails changes to GDP, inflation, interest rates and asset prices.
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Stability in the Financial System (2024:2): Improved outlook, but risk of set-backs
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- Försäkring
- Marknad
- Stabilitet
- Publicerat
- Nyheter
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- Betalningar
Publicerad 2024-11-20 - The outlook for financial stability has improved somewhat in the past six months. Sweden continues to experience a mild economic downturn, but interest rate…
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Stability in the Financial System (2024:2)
, energy prices and freight costs.
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Household savings in Sweden
- Konsumentskydd
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- Spara
- Konsument
Publicerad 2025-03-24 - Swedes hold a large amount of financial assets, but the distribution of these assets is very uneven. Most Swedes hold a small amount of financial assets,…
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Report: Household savings in Sweden
At the same time, prices increased rapidly and the Riksbank started to raise the interest rate. Households thus had less money for savings.
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FI Analysis No. 47: The 2023 Banking Turmoil – Could What Happened in the US and Switzerland Also Happen in Sweden?
- Bank
- Stabilitet
- Publicerat
- Rapporter
Publicerad 2024-12-11 - During the spring of 2023, one Swiss bank and several US banks failed. Multiple actors in both the US and internationally have analysed the underlying causes.…
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It is also more common for online banks to compete with attractive deposit rates, and price-sensitive customers move their deposits to the bank that
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Two expert reports on macroprudential policy measures
- Bank
- Konsumentskydd
- Stabilitet
- Publicerat
- Rapporter
- Bolån
- Låna
Publicerad 2024-09-25 - Amortisation requirements, the LTI ratio, and the LTV cap are macroprudential policy tools that are used in Sweden and many other countries. But what are the…
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Jesper Rangvid: Effects of borrower-based measures
House prices are either national price indices or indices from major cities.
J. Muellbauer & J. Kaszowska-Mojsa: The effects of BBMs
to the fall in house prices.
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FI Analysis No. 44: Most People Have Lost Money Trading Cryptocertificates
- Konsumentskydd
- Publicerat
- Nyheter
- Rapporter
- Fintech
- Betalningar
- Kryptotillgångar
Publicerad 2024-05-23 - More than half of Swedes who traded in cryptocertificates over the past six years have lost money on their investments. This is despite the underlying market…
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FI Analysis 44: Swedish Retail Trading in Cryptocertificates
The interest in investing in cryptoassets tends to increase when prices rise and decrease when prices fall.
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Stability in the Financial System (2024:1): A slightly better outlook in an uncertain environment
- Bank
- Försäkring
- Marknad
- Stabilitet
- Publicerat
- Nyheter
- Rapporter
- Betalningar
Publicerad 2024-05-27 - The outlook for financial stability has improved somewhat, and uncertainty has decreased, but we are still in the middle of a recession. Higher costs for both…
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Stability in the Financial System
After a clear price drop at the beginning of 2022, housing prices have stabilised.6 However, unlike last autumn, an increasing number of homeowners,
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Interest rate puts pressure on indebted households
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- Konsumentskydd
- Stabilitet
- Publicerat
- Nyheter
- Rapporter
- Bolån
- Låna
Publicerad 2024-05-29 - Households continue to be under pressure from both higher interest rates and other costs. This is evident in FI’s mortgage report. The report looks at new…
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The Swedish Mortgage Market Report
Since the summer of 2022, prices have been relatively unchanged.
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FI Analysis 45: High risks in small and mid-sized commercial real estate firms
- Bank
- Stabilitet
- Publicerat
- Rapporter
Publicerad 2024-05-27 - Many smaller, unlisted commercial real estate (CRE) firms have a high loan-to-value (LTV) ratio and a low interest coverage ratio (ICR). This makes them…
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FI Analysis No. 45: High risks in small and mid-sized commercial real estate firms
This probably is related to a strong development in property prices during the same period. 6.
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FI would like the financial market to shift its sustainability work into the next gear
- Stabilitet
- Publicerat
- Rapporter
- Hållbarhet
Publicerad 2024-05-20 - There is a lot of work left to do before the financial market fully contributes to a sustainable economy. For example, firms need to be better at identifying…
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Sustainability – how has the financial sector progressed?
For example, firms may need to adapt to new energy requirements or a change in the price of carbon emissions.
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Firms continue to offer consumers unsuitable products
- Konsumentskydd
- Publicerat
- Nyheter
- Rapporter
- Kryptotillgångar
- Spara
- Konsument
- Försäkra
- Betala
- Låna
Publicerad 2024-05-08 - Expensive and complex products are unsuitable for most consumers. Despite this, firms offer such products on a broad front. This is one of the consumer risks…
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Consumer Protection Report 2024
Someone tries to influence the people around them to buy or sell a certain share by spreading misleading information with the aim of influencing the price
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FI Analysis No. 42: Gender differences in investment behaviour
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- Marknad
- Konsumentskydd
- Publicerat
- Nyheter
- Rapporter
Publicerad 2024-03-18 - The study confirms previous results showing that women are underrepresented in the stock market. The differences arise as early as three years of age, which…
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FI Analysis No. 42: Gender differences in investment behaviour
A high standard deviation, meaning higher price variation, indicates greater uncertainty and thus higher risk.
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FI Analysis No. 43: d-SRI: A systemic risk indicator for Sweden
- Stabilitet
- Publicerat
- Rapporter
Publicerad 2023-12-14 - In this FI-analysis we adapt the systemic risk indicator d-SRI to Swedish conditions. d-SRI is intended to give an early warning signal before crises caused by domestic imbalances arise.
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FI Analysis No. 43: d-SRI: A systemic risk indicator for Sweden
Cyclical systemic risks can build up when asset prices are high and lending conditions are loose, making housing and property prices good measures
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Stability in the Financial System (2023:2): Adjustments to higher interest rates remain to be made
- Bank
- Försäkring
- Marknad
- Stabilitet
- Publicerat
- Rapporter
- Betalningar
Publicerad 2023-11-28 - The higher interest rate means that households and companies need to make adjustments to their finances. Finansinspektionen (FI) is now seeing a decline in…
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Stability in the Financial System 2023:2
Stability in the Financial System – Stability Assessment
FI Analysis No. 41: Commercial real estate firms may need to reduce their debt
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FI Analysis No. 41: Commercial real estate firms may need to reduce their debt
- Bank
- Marknad
- Stabilitet
- Publicerat
- Rapporter
Publicerad 2023-11-28 - In this analysis, we estimate how much Swedish listed and larger privately owned commercial real estate firms need to reduce their debt in a climate of rising…
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FI Analysis No.41: Commercial real estate firms may need to reduce their debt
Stability in the Financial System (2023:2): Adjustments to higher interest rates remain to be made
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FI Supervision 27: Non-life insurance undertakings’ product approval processes
- Försäkring
- Konsumentskydd
- Publicerat
- Nyheter
- Rapporter
Publicerad 2023-09-21 - The process for product approval is central from a consumer protection perspective. It aims to ensure that insurance undertakings focus on consumer interests…
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FI Supervision 27: Non-life insurance undertakings' product approval processes
Other examples are expanded travel insurance, golf insurance and pram insurance.
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Consumer Protection Report 2023
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- Försäkring
- Marknad
- Konsumentskydd
- Publicerat
- Rapporter
- Betalningar
Publicerad 2023-07-25 - The risks given the highest priority in FI’s consumer protection work for 2023 are unaffordable lending, unsuitable investment products and investment fraud.
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Consumer Protection Report 2023
Listed crypto companies, such as Coinbase, have experienced substantial falls in their share price. 11 The price of bitcoin, the largest cryptoasset,
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FI Analysis No. 40: Winners and losers in the trading of meme stocks
- Marknad
- Publicerat
- Rapporter
Publicerad 2023-05-26 - In 2021, Gamestop, a relatively unknown American company, experienced a sudden increase in its stock price. The price increase had been orchestrated by a…
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FI Analysis No. 40: Winners and losers in the trading of meme stocks
the price.
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Stability in the Financial System (2023:1)
- Bank
- Försäkring
- Stabilitet
- Publicerat
- Rapporter
- Betalningar
Publicerad 2023-05-31 - Since the publication of the stability report last autumn, inflation has slowed somewhat in the large economies but is still significantly higher than the…
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Stability in the Financial System 2023:1
However, housing prices have risen sharply over a long period of time, which has given most households solid buffers against price drops.
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Report: Banks’ administration of amortisation requirement exemptions
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- Konsumentskydd
- Publicerat
- Rapporter
- Bolån
- Låna
Publicerad 2023-06-16 - Finansinspektionen has conducted a survey into banks' administration of amortisation requirement exemptions, as an assignment from the government. The survey…
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Report: Banks’ administration of amortisation requirement exemptions
The state of the economy – with high inflation, exceptionally high energy prices, rising interest rates and falling housing prices – was putting pressure
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Open finance in Sweden
- Bank
- Försäkring
- Marknad
- Konsumentskydd
- Publicerat
- Nyheter
- Rapporter
- Fintech
Publicerad 2023-06-28 - Digitalisation introduces both opportunities and risks to the financial market. After conducting a new survey, FI has noted that broader regulation on how…
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This is largely because of the information advantage that firms have, which can result in consumers paying higher prices and being offered more complex
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The Swedish Mortgage Market 2023
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- Konsumentskydd
- Stabilitet
- Publicerat
- Rapporter
- Bolån
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Publicerad 2023-03-28 - Mortgagors are under pressure from rising interest rates. At the same time, the majority of new mortgagors continue to have good margins in their personal…
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Note: Historical price development according to average prices in the mortgage survey. 21.
Mortgagor margins and amortisation exemptions in early 2023
We assume that electricity prices will be like the market pricing of the system price for the fourth quarter.
Data appendix - The Swedish Mortgage Market
Note: Historical price development according to average prices in the mortgage survey.
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Stability in the Financial System (2022:2)
- Bank
- Försäkring
- Marknad
- Stabilitet
- Publicerat
- Rapporter
Publicerad 2022-11-29 - High inflation has led to rapidly rising interest rates. Given the current rapid change in conditions, both participants on the financial markets and…
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Stability in the financial system 2002:2
Macro-based stress tests of Swedish banks: results and method, Autumn 2022
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FI Analysis No. 37: Stress tests of funds’ liquidity risks
- Marknad
- Stabilitet
- Publicerat
- Rapporter
- Fond
Publicerad 2022-11-29 - FI’s stress tests show that the majority of Swedish funds appear to be able to handle relatively large outflows in an effective manner. However, some…
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FI-analysis nr 37: Stress tests of investment funds’ liquidity risks (Summary)
This decision reduced the risk of a self-reinforcing downward price spiral for corporate bonds, but at the same time prevented some shareholders from
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Roadmap for sustainable finance
- Bank
- Försäkring
- Marknad
- Stabilitet
- Publicerat
- Om FI
- Rapporter
- Hållbarhet
Publicerad 2022-12-13 - In 2019, FI’s overarching mandate was expanded to include a responsibility to ensure that the financial system contributes to sustainable development. FI is…
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Roadmap for sustainable finance
Considering risks and opportunities in interest rates, asset prices and insurance premiums simultaneously creates conditions for being able to channel
